Methods Used To Generate Electricity

 

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Electricity is the backbone of our economy and our everyday lives. Production of energy is therefore very important to maintaining our style of life. Electricity is currently made mainly by the burning of fossil fuels (coal), nuclear fission, and with energy derived from water and wind.

With most types of electricity generation, energy is used to turn magnets in turbines which induce electric current in wiring. Here are several ways that we make electricity:

Burning of fossil fuels. Large amounts of moving vapor is produced when water is boiled. By burning fossil fuels, then heating water in large furnaces this can be done. Fossil fuels include coal, petrol and natural gas. These fuels release large amounts of pollutants into the air including greenhouse gases. They are also non-renewable, so we should look to alternative, clean sources of energy for future energy production.

By moving water: Dams have long been used to funnel water down tubes with turbines, which can be used to create electricity. Dams are also useful because they can control the movement of water and restrict bodies of water to where we want them. On the other hand, this may cause local ecosystem damage and environmental hazards.

Over 90 % of the world's renewable energy is produced by hydroelectric dams.

Wind power. Wind turbines can use propeller-like blades to directly turn a motor which will generate electricity. These wind generators may have to be high up in the air to gather enough wind in some places, but they are very environmentally sound.

Nuclear fission. There is a lot of energy in matter, and some unstable elements, like uranium or plutonium isotopes, can be used to generate a nuclear reaction which is then used to heat water, create vapor and turn turbines.

By solar power: Solar energy uses solar panels to gather photons of light, which contain energy. They hit electrons in the panel and give them energy to move through wiring and create an electrical circuit.

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